Rule 1: 1. Jussive and subjunctive in a narrative
In a story the perfect carries the events, but the dependent moods appear at every turn: لَمْ يَسْمَعْ he did not listen (negated past), لَا تَضْرِبْهُ do not hit it (prohibition inside speech), لِيَعْرِفَ in order to find out (purpose), لَنْ أَضْرِبَ I will not hit (a promise). A speaker may also sum up with a مَنْ sentence: مَنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ كَلَامَ أَبِيهِ يَنْدَمْ whoever does not listen to his father will regret it.
لَمْ يَسْمَعْ حَسَنٌ كَلَامَ أَبِيهِ.
lam yasmaʿ ḥasanun kalāma abīhi
Ḥasan did not listen to what his father said.
لَا تَلْعَبْ مَعَ الْفِيلِ وَلَا تَضْرِبْهُ بِشَيْءٍ.
lā talʿab maʿa l-fīli wa-lā taḍribhu bi-shayʾin
Do not play with the elephant and do not hit it with anything.
رَمَى الْحَجَرَ لِيَعْرِفَ مَاذَا يَفْعَلُ الْفِيلُ.
ramā l-ḥajara li-yaʿrifa mādhā yafʿalu l-fīlu
He threw the stone to find out what the elephant would do.
لَنْ أَضْرِبَ حَيَوَانًا بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ.
lan aḍriba ḥayawānan baʿda l-yawmi
I will never hit an animal after today.