Sound Plurals

مُسْلِمٌ ← مُسْلِمُونَ

muslimun → muslimūna

a Muslim → Muslims

اَلْمُؤْمِنُونَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

al-muʾminūna fi-l-masjidi

The believers are in the mosque.

اَلْمُؤَذِّنُونَ صَالِحُونَ.

al-muʾadhdhinūna ṣāliḥūna

The muezzins are righteous.

Both subject and predicate take the plural ending.

اَلْمُسَافِرُونَ صَابِرُونَ.

al-musāfirūna ṣābirūna

The travellers are patient.

جَلَسَ الْمُدَرِّسُونَ فِي الْغُرْفَةِ.

jalasa-l-mudarrisūna fi-l-ghurfati

The teachers sat in the room.

بَيْتُ الْمُدَرِّسِينَ

baytu-l-mudarrisīna

the house of the teachers

Genitive after a construct noun.

جَلَسْتُ مَعَ الْمُسَافِرِينَ.

jalastu maʿa-l-musāfirīna

I sat with the travellers.

Genitive after مَعَ.

سَمِعْتُ الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ.

samiʿtu-l-muʾadhdhinīna

I heard the muezzins.

Accusative object.

رَأَيْتُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

raʾaytu-l-muslimīna fi-l-masjidi

I saw the Muslims in the mosque.

خَرَجَ الْإِمَامُ إِلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ.

kharaja-l-imāmu ila-l-muʾminīna

The imam went out to the believers.

مُؤَذِّنُو الْمَسْجِدِ

muʾadhdhinu-l-masjidi

the muezzins of the mosque

Nominative: ـُونَ → ـُو.

سَمِعْتُ مُؤَذِّنِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

samiʿtu muʾadhdhini-l-masjidi

I heard the muezzins of the mosque.

Accusative: ـِينَ → ـِي.

إِلَى مُدَرِّسِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ

ilā mudarrisi-l-madrasati

to the teachers of the school

Genitive after إِلَى.

مُدَرِّسُوكَ صَالِحُونَ.

mudarrisūka ṣāliḥūna

Your teachers are righteous.

Suffix ـكَ after the nominative.

رَأَيْتُ مُدَرِّسِيكَ فِي السُّوقِ.

raʾaytu mudarrisīka fi-s-sūqi

I saw your teachers in the market.

Suffix ـكَ after the accusative.

غُرْفَةُ مُدَرِّسِيهِ

ghurfatu mudarrisīhi

the room of his teachers

After ـِي the suffix ـهُ becomes ـهِ.

مُسْلِمَةٌ ← مُسْلِمَاتٌ

muslimatun → muslimātun

a Muslim woman → Muslim women

اَلْمُدَرِّسَاتُ فِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ.

al-mudarrisātu fi-l-madrasati

The (female) teachers are in the school.

Nominative.

غُرْفَةُ الْمُدَرِّسَاتِ

ghurfatu-l-mudarrisāti

the room of the (female) teachers

Genitive.

رَأَيْتُ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

raʾaytu-l-muslimāti fi-l-masjidi

I saw the Muslim women in the mosque.

Accusative with kasra, never ـَاتَ.

قَرَأَ الْإِمَامُ آيَاتٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ.

qaraʾa-l-imāmu āyātin mina-l-qurʾāni

The imam read verses from the Quran.

Indefinite accusative: ـَاتٍ.

كَلِمَاتُهَا جَمِيلَةٌ.

kalimātuhā jamīlatun

Her words are beautiful.

The ending stays complete before a suffix.

هٰؤُلَاءِ مُسْلِمُونَ.

hāʾulāʾi muslimūna

These are Muslims.

هٰؤُلَاءِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ صَالِحُونَ.

hāʾulāʾi-l-muslimūna ṣāliḥūna

These Muslims are righteous.

هٰؤُلَاءِ مُدَرِّسَاتٌ.

hāʾulāʾi mudarrisātun

These are (female) teachers.

هٰؤُلَاءِ الْمُدَرِّسَاتُ فِي الْمَدْرَسَةِ.

hāʾulāʾi-l-mudarrisātu fi-l-madrasati

These (female) teachers are in the school.

جَلَسْتُ مَعَ هٰؤُلَاءِ الْمُسَافِرِينَ.

jalastu maʿa hāʾulāʾi-l-musāfirīna

I sat with these travellers.

هٰؤُلَاءِ keeps its form; the noun shows the case.