Rule 1: 1. The vocabulary of labour disputes
Workers أَضْرَبُوا عَنِ الْعَمَلِ went on strike (Form IV, literally turned away from work); the strike is an إِضْرَابٌ and the strikers are مُضْرِبُونَ. They strike اِحْتِجَاجًا عَلَى in protest against something, for example تَأَخُّرُ الرَّوَاتِبِ late salaries, and they present مَطَالِبُ demands such as زِيَادَةُ الْأُجُورِ a rise in wages. Colleagues elsewhere strike تَضَامُنًا مَعَهُمْ in solidarity with them. The dispute ends when اِتَّفَقَ الطَّرَفَانِ عَلَى the two sides agreed on something and the strike is فُضَّ broken up, called off.
أَضْرَبَ الْمُمَرِّضُونَ عَنِ الْعَمَلِ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا.
aḍraba l-mumarriḍūna ʿani l-ʿamali yawman wāḥidan
The nurses went on strike for one day.
أَضْرَبَ عَنْ: Form IV with عَنْ.
يُطَالِبُ الْمُضْرِبُونَ بِزِيَادَةِ أُجُورِهِمْ.
yuṭālibu l-muḍribūna bi-ziyādati ujūrihim
The strikers are demanding a rise in their wages.
طَالَبَ بِـ 'to demand'.
أَضْرَبَ عُمَّالُ الْمِينَاءِ تَضَامُنًا مَعَ زُمَلَائِهِمْ.
aḍraba ʿummālu l-mīnāʾi taḍāmunan maʿa zumalāʾihim
The port workers went on strike in solidarity with their colleagues.
تَضَامُنًا: an accusative of purpose (lesson 143).
اِتَّفَقَ الطَّرَفَانِ عَلَى أَنْ تُدْفَعَ الرَّوَاتِبُ فِي أَوَّلِ الشَّهْرِ.
ittafaqa ṭ-ṭarafāni ʿalā an tudfaʿa r-rawātibu fī awwali sh-shahri
The two sides agreed that salaries should be paid at the beginning of the month.
اِتَّفَقَ عَلَى أَنْ + passive subjunctive.