Rule 1: 1. Forms IX and X in running text
In narrative, Form X most often expresses either seeking something (اِسْتَخْرَجَ to draw out, اِسْتَغْفَرَ to ask forgiveness) or judging something to be so (اِسْتَحْسَنَ to think good, approve of, اِسْتَنْكَرَ to think objectionable, disapprove of). اِسْتَعْمَلَ to use is the commonest verb of the pattern. Form IX is kept for colours and defects, and in a story it tells you how a landscape changed: اِخْضَرَّ الْوَادِي the valley turned green, اِصْفَرَّ الزَّرْعُ the crops turned yellow.
اِسْتَعْمَلَ أَهْلُ الْقَرْيَةِ مَاءَ الْبِئْرِ الْجَدِيدَةِ.
istaʿmala ahlu l-qaryati māʾa l-biʾri l-jadīdati
The people of the village used the water of the new well.
بِئْرٌ is feminine: الْبِئْرِ الْجَدِيدَةِ.
اِسْتَحْسَنَ الشَّيْخُ الرَّأْيَ وَاسْتَنْكَرَهُ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ.
istaḥsana sh-shaykhu r-raʾya wa-stankarahu baʿḍu n-nāsi
The sheikh approved of the idea and some of the people disapproved of it.
Two estimative verbs of Form X side by side.
اِسْتَخْرَجُوا الْمَاءَ بِالدِّلَاءِ وَالْحِبَالِ.
istakhrajū l-māʾa bi-d-dilāʾi wa-l-ḥibāli
They drew the water out with buckets and ropes.
نَبَعَ الْمَاءُ فَاخْضَرَّ الْوَادِي كُلُّهُ.
nabaʿa l-māʾu fa-khḍarra l-wādī kulluhu
The water gushed out and the whole valley turned green.
Form IX perfect; the hamzat al-waṣl is swallowed after فَ.
لَمْ يَنْزِلِ الْمَطَرُ فَاصْفَرَّتِ الزُّرُوعُ.
lam yanzili l-maṭaru fa-ṣfarrati z-zurūʿu
No rain fell, so the crops turned yellow.
Feminine singular verb with a non-human plural subject.